The soil which is soaked with water is called water logged soil and this issue is called water logging. Causes of water Logging Pakistan has one of the best canal system. It is made out of 40790 channel miles. Be that as it may, a few imperfections were found. It has made the twin issues of water logging. A portion ...

The soil in which salt outside is left because of vanishing of water is called saline soil and this issue is called Salinity. A saline soil has electrical conductivity of its immersion equivalent to or more prominent than 4m.mho for each centimeter and its replaceable sodium rate is under 15. Its pH is under 8.5. Saline soil has a lot ...

Nastic Movements A growth or turgor movement of a plant organ in response to an external stimulus, mostly light intensity and temperature, in which the direction of the response is not determined by the direction of the stimulus. The direction of the movement is determined by the structure of the responding organ. The nasties are brought about by growth resembling ...

Geotropism When plants are placed horizontally they exhibit growth response to the stimulus of one-sided gravity. It is called geotropism or gravitropism. The tip of the stem grows away from the pull of the gravity (negative geotropism) and the root tips grow towards it (positive geotropism). The plant responses to unilateral gravity are growth movements because the resulting curvatures occurs ...

Pollution has been characterized by Odum (1971) as “the undesirable change in the physical, compound or organic qualities of air, land and water that may influence the human life. The poisons cause undesirable physical and natural changes. Man is hunting down sustenance and better living conditions. It has devastated the earth. Man has included a great deal of clean, smoke, ...

Laminaria is found along shores of seas. The majority of the species are lasting. Vegetative structure Plant body The plant body is sporophyte. The sporophyte is separated into three sections: holdfast, stipe and cutting edge. The holdfast is an arrangement of forked root like branches (hapetra). The stipe is constantly unbranched it might be barrel shaped or straightened. Single edge ...

Plant Movement It is a characteristics of plants, except for few unicellular plants such as Chlaymydomonas, that they do not exhibit movement of entire organism (locomotion). However, individual plant organs (stems, roots and leaves) exhibit movements. These movements are triggered in response to external environmental stimuli or by an internal timing mechanism, the biological clock. Therefore, these movements are also ...

Nature of Vernalization Stimulus – Vernalin or Gibberellin Many attempts were made to isolate vernalin but all failed. However, Anton Lang in 1957 showed that application of gibberellins to certain vernalization requiring biennials like henbane induce flowering in them without cold temperature treatment. Purvis in 1961 induced winter annuals to flowers induced by treating their seeds with gibberellins. It was ...

Vernalization Vernalization is a process that promotes flowering by cold temperature treatment given to a seed that has imbibed water or to a growing a plant. Like photoperiodism, vernalization is also an inductive effect leading to flowering sometime after the cold temperature treatment. If cold temperature treatment is not provided to cold requiring plants they may either show delayed flowering ...

Extensive Questions Q.1. Describe the role of auxins in various developmental phenomenon in plants? Q.2. Write a note on gibberellins? Q.3. Write a note on application of plant growth hormones in agriculture? Q.4. (I) Classify plant hormones? (II) Discuss the synergetic role of hormones in controlling growth? Q.5. Describe the distribution and functions of gibberellins in plant growth? Q.6. (I) ...