Ecology

Ecophysiological responses of plants to light are photosynthesis, transpiration, seed germination, photoperiodism, reproduction and growth, and ecological classification. Ecophysiological Responses of Plants to Light The ecophysiological responses of light which affects plants in various ways are as follow: Photosynthesis The plant shoots are adapted to receive and absorb sunlight. Most leaves get saturated with only about 20% of full sunlight. ...

Light varies in intensity, (i.e., temporal and spatial variations) duration and quality (proportions of red, yellow, blue, etc.) These variations are important in plant ecology; however, the intensity and duration of light is more important since it difficult to interpret the effect of quality of light for practical reasons. Temporal and Spatial Variations in Light Intensity The intensity of light exhibits spatial ...

Role of light is an important role in this world. As Light factor is the most essential abiotic factor without the life cannot exist. The chief natural source of light is sunlight and has great ecological significance. It plays important roles in the life of plants, such as It provides energy to maintain life on earth. It is absorbed to ...

Terrestrial ecosystems are distinguished from aquatic ecosystems. An Aquatic Ecosystem is an ecosystem in a body of water. While the community of organisms and their environment that occurs on the land masses of continents and islands are Terrestrial Ecosystem. Aquatic Ecosystems Communities of organisms that are dependent on each other and on their environment, live in aquatic ecosystems. The two ...

The evolution of ecological and phenotypic diversity within a rapidly multiplying lineage is called or known as adaptive radiation. It starts with a recent single ancestor. This process results in the speciation and phenotypic adaptation of species. These species exhibiting different morphological and physiological traits. Thus, they can exploit a range of divergent environments. Adaptive radiation can be graphically illustrated ...

In in vitro methods of germplasm conservation, the first germplasm conservation method is the Cryopreservation. Rest of the methods are as follow: In Vitro Methods of Germplasm Conservation (a) Cryopreservation in Cryopreservation (Greek- krayos-frost) In this case the cells are preserved in the frozen state. The germplasm is stored at a very low temperature using Solid carbon dioxide (at -790C) Using low temperature deep ...

Germplasm Conservation is sum total of all the genes present in a crop and its related species constitutes its germplasm. It is ordinarily represented by a collection of various strains and species. Germplasm provides the raw materials (= genes). The breeder uses these to develop commercial crop varieties. Therefore, germplasm is the basic indispensable ingredient of all breeding programmes. Thus, ...

Factors Affecting Soil Erosion Th major factor affecting soil erosion are climate, soil properties, topography, vegetation, animals, etc. Climate Precipitation (rainfall and snowfall), wind velocity, temperature and humidity are climatic factors that affect the soil erosion. Rainfall is the most forceful factor causing soil erosion through splash and surface runoff. In terms of temperature the climate is defined as tropical, ...

Wind Erosion The removal and carrying away of soil particles b wind is wind erosion or soil blowing. It is essentially a dry weather phenomenon and is accelerated wherever the soil is loose and dry. Wind erosion mainly occurs near the ground and is influenced directly by wind velocity. Transportation of Soil Particles The soil transportation is caused by three ...

Mechanical Methods of Water Erosion Control Mechanical protection against soil erosion is expensive, time consuming and deserve careful thought and planning. However, it plays a very vital role in controlling and preventing soil erosion on agricultural lands. They are adopted to supplement biological methods. The mechanical measures include diversions, terraces, bunding, sub-soiling, basin listing and waterways. Diversion Drains A diversion ...